羊水菌群的研究进展

The progress in research on amniotic fluid microbiota

传统观念认为胎儿在宫内发育的过程是无菌的。随着研究方法的快速发展,针对于微生物的研究方法从传统的培养到现代分子生物学检测的进步,研究者已经认识到胎盘、羊水中具有微生物的存在。目前的研究尚不能明确胎儿宫内胎盘、羊水的菌群来源及菌群转移的具体途径,但已有的研究提示羊水菌群最可能来源为母亲肠道、生殖道以及口腔。本文综述了研究者对羊水菌群认识的转变、羊水菌群的来源以及羊水菌群与早产的相关性。

According to traditional view,the process of fetal intrauterine growth is sterile.With the rapid development of the research methods,microbial culturing methods were replaced by molecular biological methods.Researchers have realized that there are microorganisms in placenta and amniotic fluid.Although current studies can not explain yet the origin and the way of transfer of the microbiota in placenta and amniotic fluid,existing evidences suggest that maternal intestinal microbiota,genital tract microbiota and oral microbiota are most likely the source of amniotic fluid microbiota.This paper reviews the changes in the understanding of amniotic fluid microbiota,the origins and the way of transfer of amniotic fluid microbiota,as well as the correlation between amniotic fluid microbiota and preterm birth.