职业应激及相关因素对电子器件制造员工抑郁症状影响分析

Effects of Occupational stress and related factors on depression symtoms of workers in electronic manufacturing industry

目的对电子器件制造员工抑郁症状现况进行分析，探讨职业应激及相关因素对抑郁症状的影响。方法于2016年7月．12月，采用整群抽样的方法，以某电子器件制造企业2251名作业人员为调查对象，分别采用抑郁量表（PHQ-9）、简明工作要求-自主（JDC）问卷和付出-回报失衡（ERI）问卷调查抑郁症状检出率及职业应激检出率，并分析JDC职业应激和ERI职业应激各相关因子对抑郁症状的影响。结果2251例调查对象中，轻度抑郁症状者1248例，中度、中重度、重度抑郁症状者共486例，抑郁症状检出率为77．03％（1734／2251）。单因素分析显示，所有职业应激相关因子水平组间抑郁症状评分差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，大专及以上学历、工龄≥1年、付出评分高是电子器件制造员工抑郁症状的危险因素（P〈0．05）。非外来务工者、回报高是电子器件制造员工抑郁症状的保护因素（P〈0．05）。结论电子器件制造员工中抑郁症状检出率较高，企业应特别重视大专及以上学历、工龄≥1年、付出评分高的员工抑郁症状的发生。

Objective To investigate the influence of depression symtoms and related occupational stress on workers in chip manufacturing industry. Methods By using cluster sampling method, 2 251workers in electronic manufacturing industry were selected as study subjects in July-December 2016. The simple Occupational Stress Questionnnaire and The Chinese version of Effort-reword imbalance questionnaire （ERI） Questionnnaire were used to investigate and evaluate their job demand-control-support questionnaire （JDC） and ERI Occupational stress stiuation respctively.Depression symptoms were measured by the depression module of the patient health questionnaire （PHQ-9）. Results Among the 2 251 workers, 77.03% workers were found high level of depression symptom.486 workers were the highest level depression.1 248 workers were the higher level depression. The scores of depression symptoms in the related iufluceing factors JDC and ERI occupational stress were different （P〈0.05）. The multivariate logistic analysis results indicated the main positve factors of depression were above college degree, more than 1 years of working age and high input （P〈0.05）. The main protective factors of depression were non migrant workers and high return （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The rate of depression of workers is relatively higher in chip manufacturing factory. Enterprises should pay special attention to workers who were above college degree, more than 1 years of working age and high input, ERI occupational stress.