全球SSC证书管理对国际航行船舶病媒生物孳生的绩效评估研究

Research on the performance appraisal for the SSC management over medical vectors in the international navigation ships

目的研究全球SSC证书管理对国际航行船舶病媒生物孳生的绩效影响。方法以中国第2大港、世界第5大港的宁波港作为研究范围,以2013—2016年到港的国际航行船舶为研究对象,对27 939艘次船舶的73项指标展开调查。采用数据清洗、数据整合、数据分析等大数据处理技术,从空间—时间—病媒种类等3个维度对SSC证书在国际航行船舶病媒生物孳生的管理绩效进行评估。结果空间维度研究发现:SSC证书管理水平在各大洲、各国乃至世界各港口间存在较大差异,欧洲、大洋洲口岸卫生当局签发SSC证书后,船舶到港后截获病媒生物的概率相对较低;时间维度研究发现:距离签证日期越远,船舶病媒生物截获的可能性越大,SSC证书对船舶病媒生物的管理绩效呈逐月下降趋势;病媒种类维度研究发现:SSC证书对船舶蝇类的管理绩效相对较弱。结论全球SSC证书管理体系对船舶病媒生物绩效管理的影响方面仍存在一定缺陷,提示我国应对入境船舶,特别是部分重点洲、国家及港口所签发SSC证书的船舶,进一步加强口岸检疫和卫生监督管理。

Objective To study the performance appraisal for the SSC（ Ship Sanitation Certificate） management over medical vectors in the international navigation ships. Methods The Ningbo port,the No. 2 in China and No. 5 in the global world,was took as the research area,and the arrival international navigation ships from 2013 to 2016 as the research objects. 73 indexes were surveyed for 27 939 vessels. The big data techniques including data cleaning,data merging and data analysis were employed for the researching from three dimensions of spatial-time and category.Results The results from spatial dimension： the administration level was differential among the continents,countries or ports. The lower captured rate of medical vectors was found in the vessels with the SSC issued by port health authorities from Europe and Oceania. The results from time dimension： the longer from the issued date,the more probability of medical vectors captured on board. The performance appraisal of SSC over medical vectors on board declined month by month. The results from category dimension： the performance appraisal of SSC over flies on board was lower than the one over other kind of medical vectors. Conclusion There is still slight deficiency remained from the view of SSC administration over the medical-vector management on board. So it is necessary to enhance the quarantine and health supervision over the vessels with SSC issued by port health authorities from high-risk continents,countries or ports.