矾矿废弃地自然定居植物调查研究

Natural Colonized Plants on Alum Mining Tailings:An Investigation

为能更好地对矾矿废弃地开展植物修复,本研究对废弃自然定居植物的群落特征开展调查,同时对植物的钾、铝、硫含量进行检测,对植物的钾、铝、硫富集系数进行方差分析。结果表明,矾矿废弃地生境条件恶劣,在未进行人工干预前,只有少量物种能够在其上生长,共调查到野生植物9科12属13种。自然定居植物形成的植物群落结构比较简单,平均物种数仅为1.86,平均盖度为23.67%。研究还发现大青、细毛鸭嘴草、白茅和剑麻对矾矿矿渣中的钾有富集作用,大青还对铝有富集作用,上述结果对于在矾矿废弃地植被修复中植物种的选用有很好的参考作用。

The aim of the study is to carry out phytoremediation for the alum mining tailings. We studied the community characteristics of the natural colonized plants in alum mine, tested the contents of K, Al, S of the plants, analyzed the enrichment coefficient of K, Al, S by ANOVA. The results showed that the habitat on alum mining tailings was very adverse. Without manual intervention, there were only a few species capable of growing on it, only 9 families, 12 genera, 13 species were available for the investigation. The plant community structure was relatively simple, the mean species number was only 1.86, and average coverage was 23.67%.The study also found that Clerodendron cyrtophyllum, Ischaemum indicum, Imperata cylindrica and Yucca flaccida were hyperaccumulators of K, Clerodendron cyrtophyllum was also hyperaccumulators of Al. These results can guide the selection of acclimation pioneer plants of ecological restoration in the alum mining tailings.