柳州市柳南区中小学生2017年健康状况分析

Analysis on health condition among primary and middle school students in Liunan district of Liuzhou in 2017

目的了解柳州市柳南区中小学生生长发育状况及常见病患病情况,为制订有效的健康干预措施提供科学依据。方法利用2017年柳州市柳南区南环街道社区卫生服务中心监测点学校4 807名中小学生健康体检数据,对中小学生生长发育、营养状况以及常见病检出率进行统计分析。结果 6~15岁中小学生平均身高、体重均随年龄增加而增长。9~11岁女生平均身高均高于同龄男生,13~15岁男生平均身高均高于同年龄女生(P均<0.05)。6~7岁与14~15岁男生平均体重均高于同龄段女生(P均<0.05)。男生低体重检出率高于女生,女生视力低下、沙眼和龋齿的检出率高于男生(P均<0.01)。中小学生营养不良、较低体重、视力低下检出率随年龄增加呈递增趋势,龋齿检出率随年龄增加呈递减趋势(P趋势均<0.01)。与小学生相比,初中生营养不良、较低体重、视力低下和龋齿检出率更高(P均<0.01)。结论柳州市柳南区中小学生营养不良、较低体重、视力低下和龋齿检出率较高。应关注中小学生的营养与健康,开展营养健康教育和干预,加强中小学生常见病防治力度。

Objective To understand the growth and detection rates of common diseases in primary and middle school students in Liunan district of Liuzhou,so as to provide evidence for making scientific prevention and intervention strategies. Methods Data was obtained from health examination of 4 807 primary and middle school students in Community Health Service Centers of Nanhuan Street in Liunan district of Liuzhou in 2017.Information on growth,nutritional status,and detection rates of common diseases were collected and analyzed statistically. Results Height and weight of primary and middle school students aged 6~15 increased with age.The average height of female students aged 9~11 was significantly higher than that of male students in the same age group,and the average height of male students aged 13~15 was significantly lower than that of male students（all P〈0.05）.The weight of male students both in group of 6~7 years old and 14~15 years old were significantly higher than these of female students in the same age group（all P〈0.05）.Compared with male students,female students had a lower detection rate of low body weight and higher detection rates of poor eyesight,trachoma and dental caries（all P〈0.01）.The detection rates of malnutrition,low body weight and poor eyesight of primary and middle school students increased with age,while the detection rate of dental caries decreased with age（all Ptrend0.01）.Compared with primary school students,middle school students had higher detection rates of malnutrition,low body weight,poor eyesight and dental caries（all P〈0.01）. Conclusion The detection rates of malnutrition,low body weight,poor eyesight and dental caries were high among primary and middle school students in Liunan district of Liuzhou.So it is necessary to pay more attention to health and nutrition of primary and middle school students,and to take comprehensive measures to reduce the prevalence of common diseases.