经济危机后贸易开放如何影响居民主观幸福感

How Does Trade Openness Affect Happiness after the Economic Crisis?

本文使用了世界价值观调查(World Value Survey,WVS)在2010年到2014年间跨国居民的主观幸福感数据,讨论了贸易依存度对主观幸福感的影响效应。本文首先将完全外生决定的地理因素和国家规模大小考虑进引力模型中,构造出相对外生的工具变量。其次采用工具变量法,解决贸易开放的内生性问题,结果显示贸易依存度对主观幸福感存在一个显著的负影响。最后,通过构造贸易依存度与其他控制变量的交叉项,本文发现贸易依存度的上升使主观幸福感下降的可能传导机制,即失业率或通胀率更高的国家,贸易的扩大对主观幸福感的负影响作用更大。

Using transnational residents＇ subjective well-being data between 2010 and 2014 from World Value Survey （WVS）, this paper discusses the effect of foreign trade dependence on subjective well-being. By employing Gravity Model and taking exogenous geographic component into consideration, we construct an instrumental variable determined only by exogenous factors to solve the endogenous problems of trade openness, finding that the degree of trade dependence has a significant negative impact on subjective well-being. Finally, through the cross-terms of trade dependence and other controlled variables, this paper finds the possible conduction mechanism of that the increase of trade dependence may lead to the decrease of subjective well-being, which implies that, in countries with higher unemployment or inflation rate, the expansion of trade has more negative effect on subjective well-being.