重庆市机关事业单位慢性病高风险人群吸烟现状及影响因素分析

Investigation on smoking status and influencing factors in population with high risk of chronic non-communicable diseases of institutions in Chongqing

目的了解重庆市机关事业单位慢性病高风险人群吸烟状况及影响因素,为制定有效的控烟措施提供参考。方法于2016年12月至2017年3月在重庆市4个区下辖的机关事业单位随机抽取工作人员,采用自填慢性病高风险人群筛查问卷筛查慢性病高风险个体1 294名作为研究对象,通过问卷调查吸烟行为信息。采用SPSS 21.0进行t检验和χ2检验,用多因素非条件logistic回归分析现在吸烟行为的独立影响因素。结果在1 294名调查对象中,吸烟率、现在吸烟率和每日吸烟率分别为41.65%、37.71%和29.29%。单因素分析结果显示,不同性别、年龄和文化程度者的吸烟率、现在吸烟率和每日吸烟率之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,性别(OR=0.10,95%CI:0.08~0.13)和文化程度(OR=0.83,95%CI:0.72~0.94)是现在吸烟行为的主要影响因素。结论重庆市机关事业单位慢性病高风险人群中吸烟行为普遍存在,特别是在男性和文化程度较低的职员中。机关事业单位需加强控烟力度,创建无烟环境,降低与吸烟相关的慢性病发生。

Objective To investigate the smoking status and influencing factors in population with high risk of chronic non-communicable diseases in the institutions of Chongqing, and to provide the reference for establishing the effective tobacco control measures. Methods From December of 2016 to March of 2017, 1 294 staff with high risk of chronic non-communicable diseases were selected from 4 institutions in Chongqing by questionnaire（smoking behavior information） as the subjects. The chi-square test and t test were used to analyze the data, the multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis was utilized to analyze the independent influencing factors for smoking behavior. Results In 1 294 subjects, the smoking, current smoking and daily smoking rates were 41.65%（male： 64.94%, female： 16.18%）, 37.71%（male： 60.21%, female： 13.11%） and 29.29%（male： 50.15%,female： 6.47%）, respectively. The univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences of smoking, current smoking and daily smoking rates among subjects with different gender, age and education level（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Multivariable logistic regression model indicated that the gender（OR=0.10, 95%CI： 0.08-0.13） and educational level（OR=0.83, 95%CI： 0.72-0.94）were main influencing factors for smoking behavior. Conclusion The smoking behavior in the staff with high risk of chronic noncommunicable diseases in the institutions of Chongqing existed commonly, specially in male staff and staff with lower education level. So the institutes should control strongly the smoking behavior, establish no smoking environment and reduce the chronic non-communicable diseases related to smoking.