中国西部某750kV超高压变电站工频电场强度现场检测与分析

Testing and analysis of power frequency electric field in the 750kV substation from occupational health in western China

目的分析、评价中国西部某750kV超高压变电站工频电场分布状况及其检测结果,对现有职业病防护设施存在问题提出控制补充措施。方法采用现场职业卫生学调查的方法,使用工频电场强度仪,根据国家现行职业卫生标准进行职业病危害因素检测。结果主变压器区高压侧工频电场强度测量6个巡检位,6个巡检位均超标,超标率为100%;750kV设备区高压侧工频电场强度测量9个巡检位,9个巡检位超标,超标率为100%;330k V设备区高压侧工频电场强度测量10个巡检位,10个巡检位均超标,超标率为100%;其余电压设备区各巡检位工频电场强度均符合OELs要求。各等级电压设备区高压侧与低压侧工频电场强度分别存在统计学差异(均P<0.05),两两比较后发现,66kV以上电压等级设备区高压侧与其他等级高压侧之间均存在统计学差异(均P<0.05);330kV以上电压等级设备区低压侧与其他等级低压侧之间均存在统计学差异(均P<0.05)。结论超高压变电站运行过程产生的工频电场职业危害不容忽视,应加强现场巡检人员个体防护,改进现有职业危害工程防护措施,有效控制作业场所工频电场强度。

Objective To analyze and evaluate the detection result and distribution of power frequency electric field and to propose the supplementary control measures of existing occupational hazard safeguard in the 750kV substation from occupational health in western China. Methods Field survey,detection of power frequency electric field by intensity measuring device were carried out according to related national hygienic and assessment methods.Results The strength of six inspection points were measured in high pressure side of main transformer area.The results showed that six inspection points were exceeded,which was excessive rate of 100%. The strength of nine inspection points were measured in high pressure side of750kV equipment area.The results showed that nine inspection points were exceeded,which was excessive rate of 100%.The strength of ten inspection points were measured in high pressure side of 330kV equipment area.The results showed that ten inspection points were exceeded,which was excessive rate of 100%. The strength of inspection points were conformed to OELs in the another equipment areas. It was found that the strength in high pressure side above 66kV were significantly higher than below 66kV,the strength in low pressure side above 330kV were significantly higher than below 330kV. Conclusion Occupational hazards of electric field electricity can not be ignored in EHV substation operation process. It must adopt measures for the inspectors immediately,such as strengthening personal protective equipment and improving engineering protection facilities,to achieve effective control of the strength of power frequency electric field in the workplace.