奇异诸众:个体化与先个体化——维尔诺的《诸众的语法》解读

The Special Multitude: Individuation and Pre-individual:Interpretation of Paulo Virno's A Grammar of the Multitude

后福特时代中诸众的存在,已经不是黑格尔旧式市民社会中相互分离的唯我论的原子,而是保留了个体化的统合之"多",在这个意义上,诸众在工业生产框架和就业方式中既存在又不存在的方式,正是后福特资本主义社会个体化过程的结果。诸众的个体化存在的本质恰恰是在先个体化的非同一性关系即"诸众的集体"中发生的,"诸众的集体"是维尔诺对后福特资本主义中可能出现的新型民主的预设。这不再是资产阶级政治的代议制民主,而是诸众自己的政治存在,它直接表现为一种"历史-社会个体化的先个体性"。

The ＂Multitude＂in the Post-Fordism,is no longer a separate and solipsistic atom in Hegel＇s civil society,but the ＂Many＂which retains and integrates all the individuation. In this sense,the way in which the Multitude exists and doesn＇t exist in the framework of industrial production and employment,is resulted from the process of social individuation in Post-Fordism Capitalism.And the essence of the individuation of ＂Multitude＂,is rightly formed in the non-identification relation of pre-individual,namely in the ＂collective of the multitude＂. ＂Collective of the multitude＂is Virno＇s prediction about the new democracy in the future. This is no longer the representative democracy of bourgeois politics,but the political existence of ＂Multitude＂,which directly manifests as＂an individuation of the historical-social pre-individual. ＂