政府购买公共交通服务的理论探索与推进路径

Theoretical Exploration and Promotion of Government Purchase of Public Transport Services

针对我国城市政府公交财政补贴压力逐年加大,公交企业亏损日益严重、公共交通服务质量难以保障等突出问题,以改进与优化城市公共交通供给方式、提高财政资金使用效率为目标,以新公共管理理论以及我国财政部《政府购买服务办法(暂行)》为指导,借鉴伦敦、新加坡政府购买公共交通服务实践经验,对政府购买公共交通服务的定义、内涵、基本特征、关键要素等进行了初步探索;基于我国城市公交财政补贴制度改革经验教训,提出了现实环境条件下,我国城市政府推进购买公共交通服务的路径与策略;对以政府购买服务理念为指导开展的青岛公交财政补贴制度改革成果进行总结评估.研究成果供相关政府部门及社会机构参考.

In response to the increasing pressure of public transport subsidies for municipal governments in China,the increasingly serious loss of public transport companies,and the insurmountable problems in public transport service quality,this paper intends to discuss how to improve and optimize urban public transport supply methods and improve the efficiency of fiscal fund utilization, with new public management. Theories and the ＂Provisional Government Service Measures（Tentative） ＂of the Ministry of Finance of the People＇s Republic of China are used as guidelines to learn from the London and Singapore government＇s practical experience in purchasing public transport services. The preliminary exploration of the definition,connotation,basic characteristics,and key elements of the government＇s purchase of public transport services was carried out. Based on the experiences and lessons learned from the reform of China＇s urban public transit financial subsidy system,this paper proposes the path and tactics of the Chinese urban government to promote the purchase of public transport services under realistic environmental conditions; and the results of the reform of the Qingdao Public Transport Financial Subsidy System under the guidance of the government procurement service concept. The research results are for reference by relevant government departments and social organizations.