摘要
核武器的出现给人类带来前所未有的战争威胁。在国际社会共同努力下,逐步形成了一系列以核裁军与核军控、禁止使用核武器、防止核扩散为主要内容的国际规范与制度安排,有效影响了主权国家的核活动,避免了核战争的爆发,控制了核武器国家的数量。21世纪以来,国际战略环境发生重大变化。人类进入了核技术与导弹技术加速扩散的新时期,伊朗核能力稳步增长,朝鲜突破核不扩散机制成功获得核武器,非国家行为体成为核技术与核材料扩散的重要主体。特朗普上台后,全面否定了奥巴马倡导的“无核世界”政策主张。提出发展强大导弹防御系统,研发新型战略武器;制造低当量核弹;退出伊朗核协议。特朗普的政策调整弱化了“核禁忌”规范和防止核扩散机制,开启了新一轮核武技术竞赛,冲击了大国间的战略稳定,凸显了国际核秩序的历史局限性。
A series of international nuclear norms,including nuclear disarmament and nuclear arms control,prohibition of the use of nuclear weapons,and nuclear non-proliferation institutions have been formed with the joint efforts of international community in the wake of public concerns about the consequences of nuclear war.These international norms and institutions have effectively impacted nuclear activities of sovereign states,prevented the outbreak of nuclear war and limited the number of nuclear-weapon states.Since the 21st century,great changes have taken place in the international strategic environment.The nuclear and missile technology is accelerating.Iran has increased its nuclear capability.The DPRK has succeeded in acquiring nuclear weapons.After Trump came to power,he rejected Obama’s policy of a nuclear-free world.The Trump administration proposes to develop a strong missile defense system and new strategic weapons,build low-yield nuclear bombs and pull out of Iran’s nuclear deal.Trump’s policy has opened up a new round of nuclear technology race,impacted strategic stability among major powers,and magnified limitations of the international nuclear order.
出处
《现代国际关系》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期35-41,56,共8页
关键词
国际核秩序
核武器
核扩散
战略稳定
International nuclear order
nuclear weapons
nuclear proliferation
strategic stablity