大围山花岗岩母质发育土壤在中国土壤系统分类中的归属

Attribution of the soils developed from the weathered granites in Dawei mountain area in Chinese soil taxonomy

通过野外调查采样和室内测定,研究了湘东大围山地区不同海拔高度由花岗岩母质发育的6个土壤剖面的成土条件及其理化性质,按照中国土壤系统分类方案,检索出其诊断层和诊断特性,确定其在中国土壤系统分类中的归属。结果表明:供试剖面包含了暗瘠表层、低活性富铁层、黏化层等10个诊断层和诊断特性,在中国土壤系统分类中位于淋溶土、富铁土和雏形土3个土纲,常湿雏形土、湿润富铁土、湿润淋溶土和常湿淋溶土4个亚纲,酸性常湿雏形土、简育湿润富铁土、酸性湿润淋溶土等6个土类,腐殖酸性常湿雏形土、普通简育湿润富铁土、红色酸性湿润淋溶土等6个亚类;按土族和土系划分标准,建立了黏质高岭石型酸性热性–普通简育湿润富铁土、砂质硅质混合型热性–红色酸性湿润淋溶土、黏壤质硅质混合型温性–腐殖酸性常湿雏形土等6个土族和红山系(43–LY03)、泥坞系(43–LY04)、樱花谷系(43–LY10)等6个土系。

To understand the physic–chemical properties of soils in Dawei Mountain area of eastern Hunan and to further establish their taxonomy, 6 typical granite–derived soil profiles at different elevations were collected and the information of soil–forming conditions and profile morphological characteristics were studied by use of field observation and experimental measurement in the laboratory. The results showed that there are 10 diagnostic horizons and characteristics such as Umbric epipedon, LAC–ferric horizon and Argic horizon in the 6 soil profiles. These soil profiles belong to Luvisols, Ferrisols and Cambisols in soil order, 4 soil suborders including Perudic Cambisols, Udic Ferrisols, Udic Luvisols and Perudic Luvisols, 6 soil groups such as Aci–Perudic Cambisols, Hap–Udic Ferrisols, Aci–Udic Luvisols, and 6 soil subgroups of Typic Hap–Udi Ferrisols, Red Aci–Udi Luvisols, Humic Aci–Per Cambisols and etc. According to the Chinese classification standards of soil family and soil series, 6 soil families and 6 soil series are identified and established in Dawei mountain area.