重庆市13～15岁青少年烟草使用及戒烟行为调查研究

The status of tobacco use and smoking cessation among youth aged 13 to 15 years old in Chongqing

目的了解重庆市13～15岁青少年烟草使用及戒烟情况,分析、比较其在不同性别、年级、城乡间分布的差异,为青少年控烟干预提供基线数据和科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,对重庆市13～15岁初中在校生进行人口学信息、吸烟、烟草使用、戒烟等情况进行调查,所有分析均在基于复杂抽样设计的权重调整下进行。结果共调查3710名青少年,男生1884人,女生1826人,现在吸烟率为9.3%,现在烟草使用率为9.9%,其中,男生现在吸烟率为14.5%、烟草使用率为15.1%,所有的烟草使用率均明显高于女生的3.7%、4.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);不同年级间的现在吸烟率和烟草使用率初三最高,为12.9%、13.7%,初一最低,为5.5%、5.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);城乡间未见差异(P>0.05)。现在吸烟者中,72.0%的人目前想要戒断吸烟,80.6%的人过去12个月尝试过戒断吸烟。结论重庆市13～15岁青少年烟草使用以男性为主,烟草使用率处于全国较高水平;较多青少年尝试过吸烟或使用烟草,但吸烟者中大部分学生表示有戒烟欲望。建议对青少年特别是男性青少年的吸烟行为预防教育和干预应尽早开始。

Objective To understand the status of tobacco use and smoking cessation among youth aged 13 to 15 years old in Chongqing, and provide data for tobacco control. Methods Multistage cluster probability sampling method was used to investigate 3710 youth aged 13 to 15 years old in Chongqing. Demographic characteristics, smoking status, smoking cessation status and other related information were included in the survey. All tests were performed based on complex survey design. Results 3710 youth were investigated（ 1884 males and 1826 females included）. The prevalence rate of current smoking was 9. 3%, the rate of tobacco use was 9. 9%（the male smoking rate was 14. 5% and the male tobacco-use rate was 15. 1%）. These rates of males were statistically significantly higher than of females（3. 7%, 4. 4%）（P〈0. 001）.In different grades, current smoking rate and tobacco use rate in Grade 3 rd（12. 9%,13.7%） were the highest, while these rates in Grade 1 st（5. 5%, 5. 5%） were the lowest. Differences in rates among grades were statistically significant（P〈0. 05）. The proportions of current smoking and tobacco use between youth in urban and rural areas were not significantly different（ P〉0. 05）. 72. 0% of current smokers wanted to quit smoking and 80. 6% of them had tried to quit smoking in the last 12 months. Conclusion The main smokers and tobacco users among youth aged 13 to 15 years old in Chongqing are males. The prevalence of tobacco use remains at a high level. Many youth attempted smoking or tobacco using, while most of smokers wanted to quit smoking. It is suggested that prevention education and intervention for youth on smoking behavior should start as soon as possible, especially for male youth.