2015年福建省居民健康素养现状及其影响因素分析

Study on the current status of health literacy and its influencing factors in Fujian Province,2015

目的了解福建省城乡居民健康素养的状况及变化趋势,为制定健康促进干预政策提供科学依据。方法采用分层多阶段与PPS抽样方法,于2015年10—12月在福建省10个县(区)抽取2461人,采用2015年中国居民健康素养监测问卷进行人户调查。结果全省共调查2461人,收回有效问卷2453份,有效问卷回收率为99.67%。在2453份有效问卷中,经过加权调整之后,2015年福建省居民健康素养具备率为12.00%(95%CI:10.02～14.32)。基本知识和理念、基本技能、健康生活方式与行为素养具备率依次为20.02%、14.92%、12.31%;安全与急救、科学健康观、健康信息、传染病防治、基本医疗、慢性病防治素养具备率依次为49.34%、27.00%、15.80%、13.28%、12.82%和12.08%。Logistic回归分析结果提示总体健康素养具备率的影响因素为地区、文化程度及职业。结论福建省居民健康素养具备率高于全国,但仍有待提高,针对重点人群应加强健康教育干预的力度。

aObjective To understand the status and trend of health literacy among urban and rural residents in Fujian Province, and to provide scientific evidences for making health promotion related policies. Methods The stratified multistage and PPS sampling methods were used to selected 2461 residents aged 15-69 years old from 10 sites in FuJian Province and a questionnaire survey on health literacy was carried out from October to December, 2015. Results The effective 2453 respondents were found from 2461 residents, the valid response rate was 99. 67%. After the weighted adjustment, the health literacy rate of residents in Fujian Province was 12. 00%（95% CI： 10.02-14.32） in 2015. The literacy rate on basic knowledge and concept, basic skills, healthy lifestyle and behavior were 20. 02%, 14. 92% and 12. 31%,respectively. The literacy rate of safety and first aid, science and health care, health information, infectious disease control,basic medical care and chronic disease control were 49. 34%, 27. 00%, 15. 80%, 13. 28%, 12. 82%, 2. 08%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis results showed the influencing factors of overall health literacy were region, culture degree and occupation. Conclusion The health literacy rate of residents in Fujian Province is higher than that of the whole country. It still needs to be improved and the intervention of heath education should be strengthened in the key groups.