广州市社区中老年人群不同膳食模式下蛋白质摄入量与2型糖尿病的关联性分析

Association between Dietary Protein Intake and Type 2 Diabetes Differs by Dietary Pattern in Middle-Aged and Elderly Population in the Community of Guangzhou,China

【目的】探讨在不同膳食模式下,蛋白质摄入量与2型糖尿病的关系。【方法】对在中国广东省广州社区招募的5 956中老年女性居民和2 298中老年男性居民进行以人群为基础的横断面研究。通过聚类分析,根据主要的膳食蛋白质来源,将研究对象分至不同的膳食模式亚组。采用Logistic回归模型,研究能量校正后的蛋白质摄入量与2型糖尿病的关系。【结果】参与者的平均年龄为55.5岁。将所有研究对象根据主要蛋白质来源,分为四个膳食模式亚组(粗粮模式组,红肉模式组,精粮模式组和海鲜模式组)。总人群中,以能量校正后蛋白摄入量的最低五分位作为参照,最高五分位与2型糖尿病正相关[优势比(OR):1.58,95%置信区间(95%CI):(1.25,2.02)]。以膳食模式分层后,在红肉模式组和精粮式组中,总蛋白质摄入量与2型糖尿病发生正相关,OR值及95%CI分别为3.00(1.36,7.01),2.25(1.40,3.61)。然而,在粗粮模式组中,总蛋白质摄入量与2型糖尿病的关系呈负相关[0.48(0.23,0.97)],而在海鲜模式组中未发现显著相关性。【结论】不同膳食模式下,蛋白质摄入量与2型糖尿病的关系不同。膳食模式在糖尿病防治中加以考虑。

【Objective】We assessed the associations between protein intake and T2 D in different dietary patterns.【Methods】We conducted a population-based cross sectional study of 5 956 women and 2 298 men in middle-aged and elderly population in the community of Guangzhou city,Guangdong province. Cluster analysis was used to category subjects into mutually exclusive group by major sources of protein. Logistics regression analysis and substitution models were used to estimate T2 D risks according to protein intake.【Results】The mean age of subjects was 55.51 year. Subjects were divided into four dietary protein food patterns（coarse cereals,red meat,refined grain,and sea food）. Overall,extreme quantile of total protein intake was significantly and positively associated with T2 D[odds ratio 1.58（95%CI1.25,2.02）]. In subgroup analysis by dietary patterns,extreme quantile of total protein intake was also positively related to T2 D in the＂red meat＂[3.00（1.36,7.01）]and＂refined grain＂[2.25（1.40,3.61）]dietary pattern group. However,this association was revered in the＂coarse cereals＂group[0.48（0.23,0.97）];and protein intake was not related to T2 D in the＂seafood＂group.【Conclusions】The association between protein intake and T2 D varies by dietary pattern. Dietary pattern should be considered into the recommendation of protein intake for diabetes prevention.