抚育经营对杨桦次生林林分结构及土壤性质的影响

Effects of Tending Managements on Stand Structure and Soil Properties of Poplar-Birch Secondary Forests

为了提升辽东山区低质、低效天然次生林林分质量,以1973年辽东山区20a杨桦次生林为研究对象,设计5个试验区,分别为强伐补松、弱伐补松、皆伐植松留萌、皆伐植松不留萌和对照区(不作业)。经过42a定位观测,结果表明,强伐补松试验效果最好,皆伐植松留萌次之。强伐补松林分总蓄积量最高,为359.9m^3·hm^(-2),高于对照区55.7%。强伐补松土壤物理和化学性质也是标准地中最好的。通过合理经营,林下种植针叶树种红松、沙松等,并及时抚育,有助于恢复针阔混交林。

In order to improve the quality of low-quality and low-efficiency natural secondary forests occurring in the mountainous regions of eastern Liaoning Province,we took 20-year-old poplar-birch secondary forests as research objects,5 types of tests were carried out：strong cutting and replanting Korean pine,weak cutting and replanting Korean pine,clear cutting and replanting Korean pine with bud,clear cutting and replanting Korean pine without bud and control area（no operation）.After 42 years of observation,the results showed that strong cutting and replanting Korean pine worked best,clear cutting and replanting Korean pine with bud took second place.The total stand volume of strong cutting and replanting Korean pine was the highest（359.9 m^3·hm^（-2））,which was 55.7% higher than that of the control area.The physical and chemical properties of soils were also the best in standard areas.After reasonable management,planting coniferous species under the forest,such as Korean pine,sand pine,etc.,and timely tending,these were helpful for the recovery of coniferous and broad-leaved forest.