秸秆板材用无机环保型胶黏剂制备与应用研究

Preparation and Application of Inorganic and Environmentally Friendly Adhesive for Straw-based Panel

以硅溶胶(mSiO_2·nH_2O)为主胶体,氯化铝(AlCl_3)、氧化铝(Al_2O_3)、氧化镁(MgO)、氧化锌(ZnO)和氢氧化铝[Al(OH)_3]为填料研发的一种无机环保胶黏剂,并将其应用于秸秆板材制造中。通过检测所制板材含水率、密度、抗压强度、抗折强度、导热系数、24 h吸水厚度膨胀率和匀温灼烧性能,研究了胶黏剂中各填料用量及胶黏剂用量对秸秆板材性能的影响。结果表明,AlCl3、Al_2O_3、MgO、ZnO和Al(OH)_3的用量分别占主胶体的6%、2%、6%、2%和2%时,胶黏剂与秸秆质量比为1时,所制板材各项性能指标最优,板材的各项性能指标分别为含水率4.53%、密度888.56 kg/m^3、抗压强度3.59 MPa、抗折强度3.56 MPa、导热系数0.13 W/(m·K)、24 h吸水厚度膨胀率2.25%、匀温灼烧性能4.53%。

In this paper, an inorganic and environmentally friendly adhesive which based on silica sol filled with aluminum chloride（AlCl3）, alumina（Al2 O3）, magnesium oxide（MgO）, zinc oxide（ZnO）, and aluminum hydroxide [Al（OH）3] was designed; and applied to the preparation of straw-based panel. The effects of filler/silica sol percentage and adhesive/straw mass ratio on the properties of straw-based panel were investigated by measuring moisture content, density, compressive strength, flexural strength, thermal conductivity, thickness swelling rate of water absorption in 24 hours and uniform temperature burning performance. The results showed when silica sol was filled with 6%AlCl3, 2%Al2O3, 6%MgO, 2%ZnO, 2%Al（OH）3, and adhesive/straw ratio was 1, prepared straw-based panel showed the optimum performance with moisture content 4.53%, density 888.56 kg/m^3, compressive strength 3.59 MPa, flexural strength 3.56 MPa, thermal conductivity 0.13 W/（m·k）, thickness swelling rate of water absorption in 24 hours 2.25% and uniform temperature burning performance 4.53%.