叙事观念的转变:从可靠叙述到不可靠叙述

The Transformation of Narrative Concepts:From Reliable Narration to Unreliable Narration

在传统文学叙事文本中,叙述的可靠性已经成为作家创作、读者阅读的一个前在条件。对于理性的追求、对文艺社会功用说的推崇、作者权威的确立等是导致可靠叙述传统的主要因素。而不可靠叙述的生成语境包括社会历史环境与文化思想的影响以及文学自身的发展。不可靠叙述不等同于文学虚构。叙事策略的巧妙运用与历史文化语境变迁最终导致不可靠叙述的形成。从可靠叙述到不可靠叙述反映了叙事观念的转变。

In the traditional literary narrative texts,the reliability of the narrative has become the essential requirement of a writer’s creation and a reader’s reading. The pursuit of reason,the praise of the social function of literature and art and the establishment of the authority of the author are the main factors leading to the tradition of the reliable narration. And the formation of the unreliable narration includes the influences of social historical environment and cultural thought and the development of literature itself. Unreliable narration is not equivalent to literary fiction. It is the ingenious use of the narrative strategy and the change of the historical and cultural context that result in the formation of unreliable narration. From reliable narration to unreliable narration,the transformation reflects the change of narrative concepts.