漆桥乡民的艺术表述景观:一个古村落的艺术人类学考察

Artistic Expression Landscape of Qiqiao Villagers:An Anthropological Study of an Ancient Village

漆桥古村落是孔子后裔较大居住地之一,曾经有着丰富的村落传统。近年来,随着乡村旅游的迅速发展,中国乡村旅游以及传统村落面临着新的机遇和挑战。文章从人类学视角,在村落传统中考察漆桥古村落乡民的艺术表述景观,以民族志框架描述乡民的戏剧与乐舞艺术表述内容与功能知识体系,阐释其乡村旅游中传统村落与村落信仰民俗传统的双向建构过程及其艺术遗产保护与发展,展示一个多元多层次的村落信仰民俗世界。旨在解释每一个文明体都有自己的独特表述体系,即漆桥古村落原住民的思维、认知、知识和经验的结合体,他们在现代化进程中努力留住属于自己的艺术表述体系,特别是艺术活动,它们既是非物质文化遗产,又充分表现其"活态性",但很脆弱,尤其需要警示。

The ancient village Qiqiao which once had a rich village tradition, was one of the largest residenc-es of the Confucius descendants.In recent years, with the rapid development of rural tourism, rural tourism and tradi-tional villages in China are facing new opportunities and challenges. This article first examines Qiqiao villagers＇ ar-tistic expressionlandscape from the perspective of anthropology, and then describes the expression contents andfunctional knowledge system of the villagers＇ drama, music, and dance artsunder the ethnographic framework, ex-plaining the two-way construction process of traditional village in rural tourism and folk traditions in village belief,and displaying a diverse and multi-layered village belief in the folk world.The purpose of the article is to explainthat each civilization has its own unique expression system, that is, the combination of the thinking, cognition,knowledge, and experience of the indigenous peoples in the ancient village of Qiqiao. They are trying hard to retaintheir own artistic expression system in the process of modernization. The artistic activitiesare very fragile and needspecially protecting, though they are intangible cultural heritage and fully demonstrate their＂liveness＂.