聚氯乙烯密封圈中环氧大豆油向食品中的迁移及其风险评估

Migration of epoxidized soybean oil from PVC gasket of lid into food and its risk assessment

目的研究带聚氯乙烯(polyvinyl chloride,PVC)密封圈的玻璃罐装食品中的环氧大豆油(epoxidized soybean oil,ESBO)的迁移规律,并对其进行风险评估。方法对112种带聚氯乙烯密封圈的玻璃罐装食品中的ESBO进行定量检测,计算其估计摄入量(estimated intake,ETI),同时对ESBO进行Cramer分类,并用毒理学关注阈值(threshold of toxicological concern,TTC)对其进行风险评估。结果调味酱中ESBO的含量最高,平均含量为4.58~263.50 mg/kg,其中14.63%超过了EU 10/2011限量要求;腌制果蔬中为5.04~13.78 mg/kg;油浸鱼中为0.05~15.31 mg/kg;而果酱、果汁等水基食品、咖啡等仅含有极少量的ESBO;ESBO的迁移受到脂肪含量、食品接触形式、储放时间等多种因素的影响。所测食品中ESBO的EDI有5.36%超过日耐受量(tolerable dailyintake,TDI)值;ESBO在Cramer分类中为ClassⅢ,其对应的阈值为0.09 mg/d,有74.11%的样品超过对应的阈值。结论相对于欧盟的限量要求,TTC法对ESBO的评估更加严格,ESBO存在较大的风险,需要进行更详细的安全评估。

Objective To study the migration rule of epoxidized soybean oil （ESBO） in glass canned foods with polyvinyl chloride （PVC） seals and evaluate the risk. Methods The ESBO in 122 glass canned food products with polyvinyl chlorides （PVC） seals were quantitatively detected, and its estimated intake （ETI） were calculated. ESOB were classified by Cramer, its risk was evaluated based on the threshold of toxicological concerns （TTC）. Results The content of ESBO in seasoning sauce was the highest with average content of 4.58-263.50 mg/kg, of which 14.63% exceeded the EU 10/2011 limit requirement; the content of ESBO in preserved fruits and vegetables were 5.04-13.78 mg/kg; the content of ESBO in oil-immersed fish were 0.05-15.31 mg/kg; the water-based foods such as jams and fruit juices, coffee, etc. contained only a very small amount of ESBO; the migration of ESBO was influenced by various factors such as fat content, food contact form and storage time. There were 5.36% of ESBO in the tested foods had the EDI over the TDI value; ESBO was the Class III in the Cramer classification, the corresponding threshold was 0.09 mg/d and 74.11% of the samples exceeded the corresponding threshold. Conclusion Compared with the European Union＇s limited requirements, the assessment of ESBO by the TTC law is more stringent. ESBO has a relatively large risk and requires more detailed safety assessments.