包膜尿素与普通尿素配施减氮对夏玉米产量及氮肥效率的影响

Effects of Combined Application of Coated Urea and Common Urea on Summer Maize Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

为探求减氮增效技术、实现夏玉米科学施肥,通过田间试验,研究了包膜尿素与普通尿素配施及氮肥减施对夏玉米产量、养分吸收利用和土壤氮素的影响。结果表明:夏玉米施氮显著增产7.53%~16.28%,氮素积累量增加15.66%~29.16%,氮肥利用率为19.66%~42.28%;包膜尿素与普通尿素配施一次施肥,提高了夏玉米灌浆期叶绿素含量(SPAD值),可获得较高产量,且包膜尿素比例越大,氮肥农学效率和利用率越高。本试验条件下,施氮145.6 kg/hm2(75%包膜尿素+25%普通尿素)基本实现了高产、高效、简化施肥,可在豫北地区推广应用。

In order to investigate the technology of reducing nitrogen,increasing efficiency and achieving scientific fertilization for summer maize,this paper studied the effects of different combined ratios of coated urea,common urea and reduction of nitrogen fertilizer on yield,nutrient uptake and utilization of summer maize,and soil nitrogen level by field experiment. The results showed that nitrogen fertilization could significantly increase maize production by7.53% ~ 16. 28%,and nitrogen accumulation by 15. 66% ~ 29. 16%. The nitrogen use efficiency were 19. 66% ~42.28%. One application of fertilizer combining coated urea with common urea could achieve higher yield of summer maize,with increased SPAD value during pustulation period. Meanwhile,the nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency and use efficiency were improved together with the increasing ratio of coated urea. Under this experimental condition,nitrogen fertilizer application at the dosage of 145.6 kg/hm^2,including 75% coated urea ＋ 25% common urea could basically realize the objectives of high yield,high efficiency and simplified fertilization. It could be popularized and applied in the northern areas of Henan province.