甘蔗基因组研究进展

Advances of research on Saccharum L. genomics

甘蔗基因组庞大(10 Gb)且为高倍体(5x^16x),甘蔗基因组的研究相对滞后。随着生物技术发展,如测序组装(Pacbio、Hi-C)、分子标记以及荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术,实现了对高粱、水稻以及小麦等多种禾本科植物有关的基因组研究工作。这些重要技术为研究甘蔗基因组提供了新手段。该文综述了甘蔗的起源、分类、图谱的构建,与近缘种的共线性,基因组结构以及核型演化等甘蔗的基因组学特征,以期为甘蔗基因组深入研究提供参考。

Sugarcane has the large genome size（ 10 Gb） and high ploidy（ 5 x-16 x）,the study of sugarcane genome is lagging behind. In recent years,with the development of biotechnology,such as sequencing assembly（ Pacbio Hi-C）,molecular markers and fluorescence in situ hybridization（ FISH）,realized the genomic studies of grasse plants,such as sorghum,rice and wheat. These important technologies provide new opportunities and means to study the sugarcane genome. Here,we summarized the advanced studies of origin,classification; genetic characteristics of sugarcane,such as genome size,linkage map construction,colinearity with related species,genome structure and karyotype evolution,in order to provide valuable reference for further study of sugarcane genome.