日本明治诗人北村透谷与陶渊明

Studies on the Relationship between Kitamura Tōkoku and Tao Yuanming

北村透谷自幼在汉学塾受教,接触了《文章轨范》等包含陶渊明诗作的中国古代散文集,并在随后的学习生活中,结识了酷爱陶渊明的宮崎湖处子,这些经历使得北村透谷与陶渊明"结缘",并对其之后的文学作品产生影响。在随笔《鬼心非鬼心》中,北村透谷因听闻一位农妇因贫苦而杀子的故事后,想到陶渊明的《乞食》诗,表达了对陶渊明高尚节操的崇敬之情。同时,陶渊明《乞食》诗中塑造的自尊、率直、有节操的乞丐形象和折射出的陶渊明率真旷达的性格都对北村透谷的精神世界产生了巨大影响,在其随后创作的以描写乞丐与浮世人的对话为中心的诗作《路倒》、反映当时社会上存在的虚荣、欺诈、追求名利等的社会现象的随笔《饿》和《客居偶录》的作品中都有所反映。

Kitamura Tōkoku, educated in old - style private Chinese school when he was young, came into contact with Wen Zhang Gui Fan and otherpoems by Tao Yuanming, and during his following studies, made Miyazaki Kosyoshi acquintance, a fan of Tao Yuanming. His experiences had maken him develop a liking for Tao Yuanming. Kitamura Tōkoku once expressed his admiaration for Qishi written by Tao Yuanming in his article Kinxin hi Kixin. In his succedent article Yukidafure, Ue and Kyakuigūroku, he deeply analysised and commented about “hungry”and “begger” which is a strong evidence influenced by Tao Yuanming. Therefore, there is obvious connections between Tōkoku＇ s and Tao’s articles.