从中美医学教育差异看精准医疗背景下肿瘤学专科医师培养体系

Oncology Fellowship Programme in the Precision Medicine Era as Reflected in Disparities between China and the United States' Medical Educations

精准医学是以个体为基础,结合基因组测序,生物信息学,大数据分析的新型医学概念与诊疗模式。自Rituximab(利妥昔单抗)为代表的靶向药物问世以来,临床肿瘤学就成为精准医疗的主战场。美国是世界上最早建立专科医师制度的国家,也是精准医疗的发源地。借鉴其系统完善的肿瘤学专科医师培养体系,培养契合精准医疗发展需要的肿瘤学专科医师,是突破传统,优化诊疗模式的关键所在。

Precision medicine is a novel medical concept and diagnotherapeutic mode based on the individuals,combining genome sequencing,bioinformatics and big data analysis.Since the advent of targeted drugs（Rituximab）,clinical oncology has become the main battlefield of precision medicine.The United States is the first country to establish the medical specialties system in the world and is the birthplace of precision medicine.Drawing on the experience from the systematic and perfect fellowship programme and training oncology specialist physicians who meet the demand of precision medicine initiative are crucial to break the traditional idea,as well as optimize the existing model of diagnosis and treatment.