《民法总则》中法律渊源条款的缺陷及成因——基于法条的分析和超越法条的反思

Defects and Causes of Legal Source Clause in General Rules of Civil Law——Reflections on Translating and Transcending Laws Based on Legal Articles

《民法总则》第10条和第11条规定了民法适用中的法律渊源及适用的顺位,即所谓的法律渊源条款。但这两条规定在形式和内容方面均存在缺陷,进而可能会造成司法适用的困难。同时,超越法条的具体内容,从法学理论与立法、司法实践之间的关系来看,上述缺陷的存在反映出我国在立法中对法律教义学和法律方法论的重视不够,也暴露了包括法学内部各个学科在立法和司法实践中的合作不足。因此,在民法典的制定过程中,立法者应充分重视和运用法律教义学和法律方法论的体系化思维。同时,法学各个分支学科之间也应该形成良性竞争与合作并存的格局,以共同服务于我国的法治实践。

The tenth and eleventh provisions of the general rules of the civil law specify the source of law and the applicable Order in the application of the civil law, that is, the so-called legal source clause. However, there are many detects in the fore1 and content of these two provisions. These detects may cause difficulties in judicial application. At the same time, beyond the specific content of the law, from the relationship between legal theoU and legislation, judicial practice, the detects of the one hand reflects not enough science in China in the legislation of the legal doctrine and legal methodology emphasized; the other party also exposed the internal law including each dis- eipline in legislation and cooperation the lack of justice, which requires in the future civil code in the process of making systematic thinking, legislators shouht pay lull attention to the legal doctrine and legal methodology; law between various disciplines and schools should also form a benign com- petition and cooperation pattern.