国际刑事司法合作领域被判刑人移管制度的比较研究

Comparative Study on Transfer of Sentenced Foreigners in the Field of International Criminal Justice Cooperation

在国际刑事司法合作领域,我国在相关国内制度的建设进程中,《引渡法》早在2002年已经出台,目前《国际刑事司法协助法(草案)》刚刚出台,正处于征求公众意见阶段。而对于被判刑人移管制度,作为与引渡、刑事司法协助相并列的国际刑事司法合作方式,随着我国正在与越来越多的国家签署双边或多边移管条约,势必要求有对应的国内规范相支撑,以协调国际移管条约的现实适用。因此,出台单独的《被判刑人移管法》是移管制度发展的必然要求。然而,在当前的理论研究领域,对于联合国移管示范规约与区域性国家组织移管公约的整体架构研究,尚缺乏相关的比较研究成果,尤其是对于移管制度在实际操作中涉及到的细节问题,包括移管的条件和要求、判刑国与执行国刑罚体系间的冲突、执行国的判决认定程序、移交过程中途经第三国与费用承担问题、移管后采取执行措施(减刑、假释、赦免、监外执行等)以及释放监督等。

To promote the national system of international judicial cooperation, Extradition Act was issued early in 2002. And the draft of International Criminal Justice Assistance was just released tbr public comment. In contrast, as one of international judicial cooperation methods, taking apposi- tion of extradition and international criminal justice assistance, the Act of Transfer of Sentenced Per- son, will surely be published in the tuture, as China will sign bilateral transfer conventions with more and more countries, which requires national regulation to support the application of these in- ternational transfer conventions. Nevertheless, in the existing theoretical fieht, there is a lack of research study on UN framework regarding the model system for transferring sentenced person, especially on details of requirements, national decision recognition, conflict resolution, transit through a third country, cost covering, execution solutions including commutation, conditional release, and parole.