结直肠癌相关信号通路的研究进展

Research progress on the signal pathways relevant to colorectal cancer

结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)是胃肠道中常见的恶性肿瘤,其发病率和病死率较高,且患病个体间存在明显的异质性。结直肠癌是一种高度复杂的疾病,其发生是包括肠上皮细胞增殖、分化、凋亡等机制发生紊乱的一个复杂多级过程。信号转导异常在肿瘤形成的过程中不仅存在而且是必需的。结直肠癌同样是细胞信号转导发生异常的结果。文章主要介绍了与结直肠癌发生相关的重要信号通路的研究进展,包括Wnt/β-catenin、Hedgehog、TGF-β/Smads以及PI3K/Akt信号通路。

Colorectal cancer（CRC） is a common malignant tumor in the gastrointestinal tract. Its incidence and mortality are high, and there is a significant heterogeneity among the patients. CRC is a highly complex disease, occurrence of which is a complicated multi-level process, including intestinal epithelial cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and other mechanisms of disorder. Abnormality of signal transduction is not only present but also necessary in the process of tumor formation. Colorectal cancer is also the result of abnormal cell signaling. This article focused on the progress of important signal pathways related to CRC, including Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, TGF-β/Smads, and PI3 K/Akt signal pathways.