肿瘤微环境代谢对T细胞的影响

Effect of tumor microenvironment and metabolism on tumor infiltrating T cell

肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment,TME)包含肿瘤组织中各种细胞如肿瘤细胞、免疫细胞、成纤维细胞等,还包含这些细胞分泌的各种可溶性因子,以及代谢底物(如葡萄糖)和代谢产物(如乳酸)等等。由于肿瘤细胞和免疫细胞对营养共同的大量需求,肿瘤微环境中的肿瘤细胞和T细胞之间会发生营养代谢竞争。这种微环境中的营养竞争已经被证明和抗肿瘤免疫抑制的发生密切相关,但同时这种关联也是复杂的和多因素的。肿瘤微环境中的共抑制分子的表达、葡萄糖的竞争、氨基酸的竞争、氧的竞争以及乳酸的分泌等等,共同成为了免疫抑制表型的重要促进因素。这些研究也给肿瘤的治疗提供了新的方向。本文从肿瘤细胞和T细胞代谢重编程出发,介绍不同的微环境因素对T细胞的影响。

The tumor microenvironment（TME） is the cellular environment in which the tumor exists, including tumor cells, immune cells and fibroblasts. And there are various soluble factors secreted by these cells, as well as metabolic substrates（glucose） and metabolites（lactate） in TME. A fierce competition likely exists between cells in the tumor microenvironment, as demand for resources in this niche is high. However, the metabolic interplay between tumors and immune cells has been demonstrated. It is found that immunosuppressive environment was due to co-inhibitory molecules expression, glucose competition, amino acid competition, oxygen competition and lactate secretion and so on. These studies also provide a new direction for the treatment of tumors. In this review, we summarized tumor cells and T cells metabolism reprogramming, and deeply discussed the different effects microenvironmental factors on T cells.