蒙脱石载嗜酸乳杆菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群和黏膜完整性的影响

Effects of diosmectite-lactobacillus acidophilus on growth performance,intestinal flora and mucosal integrity of weaning piglets

文章旨在研究日粮添加嗜酸乳杆菌、蒙脱石、嗜酸乳杆菌和蒙脱石混合物及蒙脱石载嗜酸乳杆菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群、空肠形态和黏膜完整性的影响。试验选择500头(21±1)d、体重一致[(6.02±0.89)kg]的健康杜洛克×长白×大白断奶仔猪,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复20头猪。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,处理1~4组分别在基础日粮中添加8×10~8 cfu/kg嗜酸乳杆菌、1.5 g/kg蒙脱石、8×10~8 cfu/kg嗜酸乳杆菌和1.5 g/kg蒙脱石混合物、1.5 g/kg蒙脱石载8×10~8 cfu/kg嗜酸乳杆菌。试验共进行21 d。结果显示:与嗜酸乳杆菌相比,蒙脱石载嗜酸乳杆菌中嗜酸乳杆菌在胃酸中80 min和肠液中240 min的存活率显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,处理1~4组显著提高了断奶仔猪平均日增重(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,处理4组显著提高了空肠和结肠乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05);处理4组较处理2组显著提高了空肠和结肠乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05)。与对照组、处理1组和处理2组相比,处理4组显著提高了断奶仔猪空肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,处理4组显著提高了结肠的跨膜电阻(P<0.05),同时显著降低了空肠和结肠葡萄糖荧光素4 k Da蛋白的含量(P<0.05)。结果表明:在本试验条件下,日粮添加蒙脱石载嗜酸乳杆菌较单独添加蒙脱石、嗜酸乳杆菌或蒙脱石和嗜酸乳杆菌的混合物提高了断奶仔猪的生长性能、空肠形态和肠道屏障的完整性。

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of diosmectite-lactobacillus acidophilus on growth performance,intestinal fl ora and mucosal integrity of weaning piglets. A total of 500 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire weaning piglets,（21±1）d,were randomly allocated into the 5 groups with 5 replicates of 20 pigs. The control diet was corn-soybean meal basal diet,while the trial diets were supplementation of lactobacillus acidophilus（L）,diosmectite（DT）,mixture of diosmectite and lactobacillus acidophilus（DT＋L）well as diosmectite-Lactobacillus acidophilus composite（DT-L）,the supplement amounts of diosmectite and lactobacillus acidophilus were 1.5 g/kg and 8×10^8 cfu/kg,respectively. The trial last 21 d. Results showed that compared with free L. acidophilus,DT-L increased（P〈0.05）survival rate of acidophilus when exposed to simulated gastric juice for 80 min and intestinal fl uid for 240 min. As compared with the control,L. acidophilus,DT and DT ＋ L.acidophilus group,DT-L. acidophilus increased（P〈0.05）average daily gain. As compared with the DT group,supplementation DT-L. acidophilus had no effect on the E. coli and increased（P〈0.05）the lactobacillus in the proximal jejunum and colon of weaned piglets. Jejunal morphology of pigs fed with DT-L. acidophilus increased（P〈0.05）villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth as compared with the control group,L. acidophilus group and DT group. As compared with the control group,DT-L. acidophilus increased（P〈0.05）transepithelial electrical resistance in colon and decreased（P〈0.05）fl uorescein isothiocyanate dextran 4 kDa fl ux in jejunum and colon. In conclusion,we indicated that DT ~ L. acidophilus was more effective than L. acidophilus,DT and DT ＋ L. acidophilus in enhancing the growth,intestinal fl ora and intestinal barrier of weaned pigs.