癌症筛查筹资的国际比较及启示

International Comparison and Enlightenment of the Financing for Cancer Screening

目的:为我国癌症筛查筹资提供政策性建议,提高人群健康和卫生服务公平性。方法:通过文献和报告回顾及相关网站浏览,总结并比较我国及世界主要国家癌症筛查的筹资方式及实践特点。结果:大多数发达国家和地区已将宫颈癌、大肠癌和乳腺癌筛查纳入公共卫生服务。我国目前主要采用中央财政专项转移支付方式,已实施了多项癌症筛查和早诊早治国家重大公共卫生服务项目,极大地改善了地区间公共卫生服务的不平等。然而,因人口众多而资源有限,且各地区发展不平衡,癌症筛查筹资方式仍有较大的人群和地区差异。结论:我国癌症筛查筹资与发达国家存在较大差距,需充分利用现有资源,拓宽筹资渠道,逐步实现癌症筛查项目的社会公益属性。

Objective： To provide policy recommendations for Chinese government in financing for cancer screening to improve population health and promote health equity. Methods： By reviewing related literatures and reports and accessing to related websites of governments and institutes, it summarized and compared the financing methods and practice characteristics of cancer screening in China and main countries all over the world. Results： Most developed countries had integrated screening of cervical, colorectal and breast cancers into public health services. With the transference payment of government transfer payment in China, a number of cancer screening projects have been provided as national or local key public health service programs, and the inequality of regional public health services was significantly improved. However, due to limited health resources, a large number of population and unbalanced regional development, the financing mode for cancer screening varied greatly across populations and areas. Condusion： It was urgent for China to take fidl advantage of available resources and broaden financing channels for cancer screening, and finally to realize health equity of cancer sereening.