杭州湾入海口沉积物原核生物多样性分析

Prokaryotic community diversity in the estuarine sediments of Hangzhou Bay,China

为了解杭州湾入海口沉积物中原核生物多样性特征及其与环境因子的关系,应用Illumina Miseq测序平台对原核微生物16S rRNA基因V3-V4区序列进行了高通量测序,分析了杭州湾入海口13个点位的沉积物原核生物多样性特征。结果表明:1)共有原核生物65个门、210个纲、419个目、688个科和1118个属,Shannon-Wiener指数平均值达9.72;主要优势菌有变形菌(Proteobacteria)、绿弯菌(Choloroflexi)和拟杆菌(Bacteroidetes)等,其中变形菌相对丰度最大;2)杭州湾南岸沉积物中厚壁菌(Firmicutes)的丰度比北岸高,对比上虞工业区和金山工业区排污口的样品可以发现,前者β变形菌相对丰度较高,而后者γ变形菌的相对丰度较高;3)绿菌(Chlorobi)、放线菌(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌和β变形菌(β-Proteobacteria)等相对丰度与总有机碳(TOC)显著相关;拟杆菌、放线菌和酸杆菌(Acidobacteria)等相对丰度与p H值显著相关;Fe和As皆与α变形菌、GN04和绿菌丰度具有显著相关性,Mn和Cu也分别与GN04和螺旋体(Spirochaetes)显著相关。因此,应用高通量测序方法可用于杭州湾入海口原核生物群落多样性特征分析,进而了解该区域原核生物分布与环境之间的相关关系。

The essay was aimed at exploring the characteristics of prokaryotic diversity and its relation with the properties of the sediments at the estuary of Hangzhou Bay. The DNA sequences of 16 S rRNA gene at the V3-V4 region were analyzed with the Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing platform. The results showed that 1118 genera,688 families,419 orders,210 classes and 65 phyla were found in the 13 samples,and the average of Shannon-Wiener diversity index reached 9. 72. The dominant prokaryotes were Proteobacteria,Choloroflexi,Bacteroidetes at the phylum level,with the relative abundance of Proteobacteria being the highest among those of the 13 samples. The abundances of the Firmicutes in samples from the south bank of Hangzhou Bay were higher than that of the north bank. Compared to the Shangyu industrial zone,samples from Jinshan Industrial Zone could be found higher abundance of β-Proteobacteria but the lower abundance of γ-Proteobacteria. There was significant correlation between the abundances of Bacteroidetes and β-Proteobacteria and total organic carbon（ TOC）,and the abundances of Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were significantly impacted by p H. The contents of Fe and As were significantly correlated with the abundances of α-Proteobacteria,GN04 and Cholorobi respectively,while Mn and Cu were significantly correlated with GN04 and Spirochaetes,respectively.Therefore,the characteristics of prokaryotic diversity in the sediments at the estuary of Hangzhou Bay could be analyzed by the method of high-throughput sequencing. Furthermore,the relationships between the environmental factors and the prokaryotic diversity could be illustrated.