种子捕食者对针叶树种子的捕食模式及二者的防御适应

Predation pattern of seed predators on coniferous seeds and their defense adaptation

在寒温带地区,针叶树种子因其油脂和蛋白含量高,成为许多动物的重要食物来源。在针叶林中,针叶树种子捕食者主要存在2种捕食方式,即传播前捕食和传播后捕食。通常,动物捕食种子的过程被认为是树种实现更新的重要途径。种子为躲避捕食者会形成相应的防御策略,种子的大小、营养、纤维含量、次级代谢产物等特征,通常也是植物种子防御捕食者捕食的策略。同样,这些防御策略一方面会影响种子捕食者的种群动态和取食行为,另一方面也可促使种子捕食者形成反对种子防御的适应对策。因此,研究种子捕食者捕食针叶树种子模式对于进一步认识针叶林中动物取食行为具有重要意义,同时,研究针叶树种子的防御及种子捕食者对其防御的适应策略,将有助于了解动植物之间相互作用。

In cold temperate regions,seeds of conifers are an important food source for many animals because of high oil and protein concentrations. There are mainly two kinds of predation patterns for conifer seed predators,that is,pre-dispersal predation and post-dispersal predation.The process of animal prey on seeds is an important way for the regeneration of tree species.Seeds that evade predators form corresponding defensive strategies,with seed size,nutrition,fiber content,secondary metabolites and so on being generally strategies for seed protection against predators. These defensive strategies will affect the seed predator＇s population dynamics and feeding behavior,and may also lead the seed predator to adapt to the seed defense. Therefore,it is of great significance to study the predation mode of seed predator on seeds of conifers in order to better understand the animal feeding behavior in coniferous forest. Meanwhile,studying the conifer seed defense and seed predator＇s adaptive strategy will help understand the relationship between plants and animals.