PVP/WPU复合电纺纤维膜的制备及其雾霾过滤性能研究

Study on Haze Filtering Performance of PVP/WPU Composite Electrospun Fiber Membrane and Its Preparation

通过静电纺丝法制备了聚乙烯吡咯烷酮/水性聚氨酯（PVP/WPU）复合纤维膜。采用扫描电镜（SEM）对该复合电纺纤维膜的形貌进行分析;利用PM sensor传感器测试过滤前后的空气颗粒物浓度,对复合纤维膜的过滤效率进行表征;通过孔隙率测试确定了PVP/WPU混合纺丝液的合理配比。结果表明：当混合纺丝液中PVP与WPU的质量分数均为7%时,可制得纤维笔直交错排列、形貌较好且孔隙率适中的复合电纺纤维膜,该纤维膜对雾霾空气中的小分子颗粒具有较高的过滤效率,其中对PM2.5和PM1.0的过滤效率分别比纯PVP膜提高了15.14%和20.05%。

The polyvinyl pyrrolidone/waterborne polyurethane（PVP/WPU） composite electrospun fiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning method. The morphology of the composite electrospun fiber membranes were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The filtration efficiency of PVP/WPU was measured by PM sensor. The reasonable ratio of PVP/WPU composite spinning solution was determined by the porosity test. The results showed that the fiber with staggered arrangement, better morphology and moderate porosity could be obtained from the spinning solution with 7% PVP and 7% WPU, and the filtration efficiency of the small particles in the haze was high, for instance, the filtering effect of PM2.5 was 15.14% higher than that of pure PVP film, and the filtering effect of was 20.05% higher than that of pure PVP film.