大黄斑枯病菌生物学特性研究

Biological characteristic study on Septoria palmate

目的研究大黄斑枯病菌的生物学特性,为大黄斑枯病的有效防治提供科学依据。方法利用植物病理学实验室常规培养的方法测定大黄斑枯病菌的病原大黄壳针孢菌的生物学特性,菌丝生长采用十字交叉法,孢子萌发采用悬滴法。结果大黄壳针孢菌菌丝生长、分生孢子萌发的最适温度均为10~20℃;菌丝生长和孢子萌发的最适pH分别为5.00和6.49;光暗交替有利于菌丝生长和孢子萌发,孢子萌发的相对湿度为90.0%以上,以水中萌发最好;大黄根浸渍液对孢子萌发有较强的促进作用。结论大黄壳针孢菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的适宜温度偏低,该病害在气温偏低、持续阴雨及结露条件下发生较严重,应适当给予预防。

Objective To study the biological characteristics of Septoria palmati（ the causal agent of Rheum palmatum leaf spots） and supply scientific basis for the control of the disease. Methods The traditional plant pathology cultural methods,including cross intersect method（ hypha growth） and pendant drop method（ spore germination）,were used to detect the biological characteristics of the new species. Results The optimum temperature for hypha growth and spore germination was at 10 to 20 ℃; the optimum p H was 5.00 and 6.49 respectively; the alternation of light and darkness promoted hypha growth and spores generation; relative humidity for spore germination was above 90.0%,best in water; maceration extract invagorated the spore germination. Conclusion The optimum tempe-rature for hypha growth and spore germination of the pathogen is relatively lower,indicating that the disease should be prevented in dewing and continuous rainy weather with low temperature.