辽宁本溪县暴雨山洪灾害时空特征分析与风险区划研究

Flash flood spatiotemporal characteristics and risk zoning:a case study of Benxi County,Liaoning Province

根据多年气象水文数据及历史山洪灾害数据,基于相关性分析、线性分析、滑动平均法等研究方法对各类型山洪灾害分别进行灾害损失和分布特征分析,并结合Arc GIS软件,以辽宁省本溪县为主要研究区域,根据自然地理环境、降雨特征与地形地貌特征进行山洪灾害风险区划。结果表明:本溪县山洪灾害类型齐全,灾害发生时会伴有两种或以上综合灾害类型发生;山洪灾害的暴发频率与损失程度随时间有增长趋势;平均暴发频次由中东部高海拔、坡度较大地区向西北及西南部丘陵地区逐渐递减,在小市镇与碱厂镇山洪灾害爆发频次较高、类型较齐全;山洪灾害高易发区主要分布在降水集中、坡度在10°~25°中部山地并向东南部丘陵区延伸,受地形影响,本溪县中部地区人口较密集的城镇为山洪灾害重点防治区。

According to the meteorological,hydrological and flash flood disaster data in past records,flood disaster loss and the distribution characteristics in various types of flash floods are studied using correlation analysis,linear analysis,moving average and others research methods.Taken Benxi County of Liaoning Province as a research area,combined with natural geographical environment and rainfall topography,flash flood risk areas were determined using Arc GIS.The analysis results show that there were various flash flood disasters in Benxi County,and when a disaster occurs,it would be involved two or more types of comprehensive disasters.The frequency of flash flood and disaster loss had an increasing trend with time,and the frequency of flash flood was gradually decreasing from the areas of high elevation and slope in the middle east to hilly regions of northwest and southwest.Therefore,the major flash flood prevention areas are towns with high densely population in central of Benxi County.