音乐习得背景对可接受噪声级影响的研究

The Study on the Influence of Music Acquisition Background on Acceptable Noise Level Test

目的研究音乐习得背景对可接受噪声级(acceptable noise level,ANL)的影响。方法采用普通话中文材料和音乐材料制作成ANL测试材料,对40名正常青年及23名音乐人士进行ANL测试,分别获得最舒适响度级(most comfortable loudness,MCL)和最大背景噪声级(background noise level,BNL),根据ANL=MCLBNL计算出ANL值,分析比较两组对象分别在中文和音乐测试材料下的MCL、BNL、ANL值。结果正常青年在普通话中文测试材料下的MCL、BNL和ANL值分别为40.60±7.72dB HL、39.30±9.83dB HL、1.13±6.03dB;在音乐测试材料下的MCL、BNL和ANL值分别为43.13±9.89dB HL、43.63±12.26dB HL、-0.72±5.18dB。音乐人士在普通话中文测试材料下的MCL、BNL和ANL值分别为42.87±8.62dB HL、42.15±10.97dB HL、0.35±6.26dB;在音乐测试材料下的MCL、BNL和ANL值分别为49.55±11.92dB HL、53.09±14.17dB HL、-3.39±7.60dB。正常青年和音乐人士在普通话中文测试材料和音乐测试材料下的ANL差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但在音乐测试材料下正常青年与音乐人士的MCL值及BNL值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论音乐习得背景不影响普通话中文测试材料和音乐测试材料在ANL测试中的结果;音乐人士在音乐测试材料下对噪声耐受能力更强,对音乐材料的接受性更好。

Objective To study the effect of music acquisition background on the acceptable noise level（ANL）.Methods Mandarin material and music material made into ANL test materials.The ANL test was measured for 40 normal hearing adults and 23 musicians using the Mandarin test material and music test material.For each case,the most comfortable loudness（MCL）and background noise level（BNL）were obtained.The ANL was computed by subtracting the mean BNL from MCL.The Mcl、BNL and ANL of the two groups were compared in Mandarin test material and music test material.Results The MCL,BNL and ANL of normal hearing adults were 40.60±7.72 dB HL,39.30±9.83 dB HL,and 1.13±6.03 dB in Mandarin test material and 43.13±9.89 dB HL,43.63±12.26 dB HL,and-0.72±5.18 dB in music test material,respectively.The MCL,BNL and ANL of musicians were 43.51±8.70 dB HL,43.64±10.22 dB HL,and-0.67±5.53 dB in Mandarin test material and 49.55±11.92 dB HL,53.09±14.17 dB HL,and-3.39±7.60 dB HL in music test material,respectively.The ANL of normal hearing adults and musicians had no statistically significant differences in Mandarin test material and music test material（P〉0.05）.The MCL and BNL of normal hearing adults and musicians had statistically significant differences in music test material（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The music acquisition background don’t affect the results of Mandarin test materials and music test materials in ANL test.Musicians are more tolerant of noise and better reception of music materials in music test materials.