考试与招生联动:高考科目改革的价值、困境与对策

Connecting Examination with Enrollment: Value, Predicament and Countermeasures Regarding the Subject Reform of the College Entrance Examination

高考综合改革涉及考试科目改革和招生录取改革2个方面,招生录取改革以考试科目改革为基础。本轮高考科目改革呈现出一定的价值取向:有利于扩大高考主体的权利、有利于缓解"一考定终身"的压力、有利于理顺统一高考与学业水平考试的关系。高考综合改革在实施中,出现了诸如科目选择权的落实、考试次数增加带来的负担、统一高考与学业水平考试的分数如何组合等问题。通过相关理论解析其成因,对高考科目改革提出建议:通过权重设置实现考试与招生进一步耦合、分值重构实现考试与招生进一步分离、一档多投实现考试与招生进一步协同。

The comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination mainly involves two aspects： subject reform and enrollment reform. The former is the basis of the latter. The current subject reform of the college entrance examination has reflected certain value orientation： providing test-takers with more options, alleviating the pressure of＂one examination determining the rest of the life time＂, and straightening out the relationship between the college entrance examination and the academic achievement examination. During the implementation of the comprehensive reform, however, some problems have emerged, such as the feasibility of the choice of subjects, the burden of the higher frequency of exams, and the combination of the scores of the college entrance examination and those of the academic achievement examination. By analyzing the causes of the problems with relevant theories,some suggestions are proposed for the subject reform of the college entrance examination： further matching examination with enrollment through weight setting, further separating them through score reconstruction, and further coordinating them through the submission of one student application to multiple universities.