自噬和坏死性凋亡在肝脏缺血再灌注损伤中的作用进展

Roles of autophagy and necroptosis in hepatic ischemia - reperfusion injury and research progress

肝脏缺血再灌注损伤（HIRI）一直是制约肝脏外科发展的一个重要因素，其发生机制主要是由细胞死亡最终造成的肝脏损伤。细胞坏死和凋亡是已被广泛研究的参与HIRI的两种细胞死亡方式。近年来的研究表明．自噬作为Ⅱ型程序性细胞死亡方式，在HIRI过程中起着双重调控作用（保护或损伤）。而最新的研究结果显示，一种全新的程序性细胞死亡方式--坏死性凋亡，也参与HIRI。因此，本文将侧重于对自噬和坏死性凋亡在HIRI中的作用的最新研究进展进行综述，并在此基础上进一步探讨不同细胞死亡方式（细胞坏死、凋亡、自噬和坏死性凋亡）在HIRI过程中的相互关系。

Hepatic ischemia- reperfusion injury （HIRI） has always been an important factor restricting the development of liver surgery. The pathological mechanism of HIRI is mainly due to the ultimate damage caused by cell death to the liver. Necrosis and apoptosis, as two types of cell death involved in HIRI have been extensively investigated. Recent studies have demonstrated that autophagy, as type ]] programmed cell death, played a dual role in HIRI （protective role or detrimental role）. However, latest results have shown that necroptosis, an emerging type of programmed cell death, is also implicated in the process of HIRI. Therefore, this review will highlight the progress of roles of autophagy and necroptosis in HIRI. On this basis, we also discuss the relationship between different manners of cell death.