手部小关节重建与假体置换的最新研究进展

Advances in small joint reconstruction and arthroplasty of the hand

自Swanson公司设计的硅胶小关节假体以来,小关节假体材质和设计不断创新,近十年小关节重建和置换手术数量逐渐增多。大量研究聚焦在新材质假体设计及中远期疗效分析,以解决假体松动、移位、脱位及功能不佳问题,同时挑战小关节翻修术的难度。虽然至今尚未能获得整体性能上超越Swanson假体且像膝关节假体一样成熟稳定的小关节假体,但小关节重建的发展已使手部关节疾患的治疗发生了革命性变化,对不同适应证建立了假体选择和手术技术趋向性方案。未来将数字化3D打印、再生医学、转化医学多维度聚合,以期使小关节重建和置换技术获得突破性进展。

Since Swanson designed the silicone small joint prosthesis, the material and design of the small joint prosthesis have been constantly innovating. The number of small joint reconstruction and arthroplasty has gradually increased in the past decade. The numerous studies have focused on design and application of new material prosthesis and its long-term effectiveness analysis, in order to overcome prosthesis loosening, shift, dislocation, and poor function problem, at the same time to challenge the difficulty of the small joints revision procedures. Although the small joint prosthesis which has got the overall performance of the Swanson joints and been mature and stable like a knee joints prosthesis has not been obtained, but the small joint development has made revolutionary changes in the treatment of joint diseases, and the prosthesis selection criterion and surgical technique tendency solution have been established. In the future, digital three-dimensional printing, regenerative medicine, and translational medicine will contribute to the development of small joint reconstruction and replacement.