成人髋关节发育不良保髋工作进展

Development of hip preservation in treating adult hip dysplasia

数十年来,我国成人髋关节发育不良的保髋工作取得了长足进步;理论上逐渐明晰了股骨头髋臼的血液供应、髋关节发育不良导致早期髋骨关节炎的病理机制;临床上推广了髋臼周围截骨、髋关节外科脱位、髋关节镜等的相关知识和技术。对于各种病因导致的继发髋关节发育不良的形成机制、病理状况、干预措施等有了更为深入的了解。但是仍然有很多机制和细节尚不明了,如髋关节不稳、临界争议等。该文在总结上述临床进展的基础上,通过对几种传统治疗方法的回顾,进一步对保髋工作的历史发展作了阐述,对保髋的随访和评价、微创及个体化治疗作了客观评估。

During the past decades, the field of hip preservation in China has achieved great improvements.Theoretically, the blood supply of the femoral head and the acetabulum along with the mechanism of early-stage hip osteoarthritis has been gradually cleared. The knowledge and application of the periacetabular osteotomy, surgical hip dislocation, and hip arthroscopy has been vigorously promoted. Improved understanding of the mechanism, pathology,and prevention protocols of the secondary hip dysplasia have been obtained, despite the fact that lack of awareness of some mechanism and detail, for example, hip instability or borderline dysplasia, etc. On the basis of summing up those clinical progress, this article further elaborated the historical development of hip preservation through the review of several traditional treatment, and made objective assessment about the follow-up, evaluation, minimally invasive surgery,and individualized treatment newly reported.