炎陵银边茶与炎陵花叶茶生理生化特质分析

Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of ‘Yanlingyinbiancha’and‘Yanlinghuayecha’

茶树（Camellia sinensis（L.）O.Ktze.）是我国重要的经济作物。斑锦突变常见于多肉植物,表现在营养器官如叶和茎上有不同颜色斑块,在茶树上较为少见,本研究选用的材料炎陵银边茶和炎陵花叶茶为两个斑锦突变品系,其叶片表现为白绿嵌合与黄绿嵌合。通过测定炎陵银边茶与炎陵花叶茶白化与正常组织的儿茶素、叶绿素及类胡萝卜素等关键生化成分的含量与两种组织的面积占整体叶面积的比值及其叶色的RGB值;利用叶绿素荧光分析技术测量反映了PSⅡ对激发能利用和耗散情况的Y（Ⅱ）、NPQ、q P与Fv/Fm的值;使用透射电子显微技术对炎陵花叶茶与炎陵银边茶黄色或白色组织与绿色组织的叶绿体结构进行分析。发现白化组织中叶绿素荧光参数的值与光合色素的含量均低于正常组织,且在白化组织中叶绿体结构异常,推测由于这两个斑锦突变茶树品系白化组织中叶绿体结构异常且光合色素含量低,使其光合作用受阻,进而造成白化组织与正常组织叶色RGB值、生化成分含量与叶绿素荧光参数值的差异。

Tea plant （Camellia sinensis （L.） O. Ktze） is an important economic crop in China. Variegation mutants are common to succulent plants, the vegetative organs such as leaves and stems from these plants have different color patches. Variegation mutant is rare in tea plant. We obtained two types of strains of leaf colour variation in this study, the leaves of ＇Yanlingyinbiancha＇ showed white-green chimeras, and the leaves of ＇Yanlinghuayecha＇ showed yellow-green chimeras. We separate the albino and normal tissues of each leaf then measured the key biochemical components such as eatechins, chlorophyll and carotenoids;the ratio of the total leaf area and the value of RGB in these two tissues. The chlorophyll fluorescence analysis technique was used to measure the value ofY （Ⅱ）, NPQ, qP and Fv/Fm to reflects the excitation energy utilization in PS Ⅱ, Chloroplast ultrastructure of these two tissues were analyzed by TEM. It was found that the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic pigment content in albino tissue were lower than those in normal tissues, it was found that the parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence and content of photosynthetic pigment in albino tissue were lower than those in normal tissues, the chloroplast structure was abnormal in albino tissue. Speculate that photosynthesis in albino tissue was blocked, resulting in differences in the value of RGB, biochemical composition and chlorophyll tluorescence parameters between the white tissue and the normal tissue.