核酸酶参与高等植物体内生理活动的研究

Research on the Involvement of Nuclease in Physiological Activities in Higher Plants

核酸酶能够在一定条件下水解核酸中的磷酸二酯键,所有的生命体中都含有核酸酶。已有很多学者对于核酸酶的物理和生化特性进行了比较系统的研究,但对于核酸酶在植物体内参与生理活动的具体方式还不够清楚。本综述结合了目前最新的研究进展,综述了核酸酶的结构特性、底物特性、酶活性的影响因素以及核酸酶的亚细胞定位及生理作用,初步阐述了核酸酶在高等植物的体内某些对生理反应产生的影响,为进一步研究核酸酶的生物学功能,尤其是对于逆境胁迫反应应答方面提供参考。

All living organisms contain nucleases that can hydrolyze phosphodiester bonds in nucleic acids under certain conditions. Many scientists have made systematic researches on the physical and biochemical properties of nuclease, but the specific way of nuclease participating in physiological activities in plants is not clear enough. This review summarized the latest research progress, and reviewed the structural characteristics, substrate properties, enzyme activity factors as well as the subcellular localization and physiological role of nuclease. Moreover, this study preliminarily described the effects of nuclease on some physiological responses in higher plants, which could provide a reference for the further studies on the biological functions of nuclease, especially for the responses to stress.