摘要
中国人注重家族关系,包括婆媳、翁婿、连襟、妯娌关系,从傻女婿与巧媳妇的故事类型中,可看出女婿与岳家的纠葛,以及媳妇与公公的互动。"回娘家"的情节表现出即使女子出嫁,还是与原生家庭有割不断的脐带关联。故事不止涉及翁婿或翁媳关系,也牵涉到连襟或者妯娌间复杂的较量。此外,部分回娘家的歌谣,也展现了出嫁女儿在夫家的处境、以及对娘家的依恋、怨怼之情。巧媳妇故事里,往往由公公替儿子选择媳妇,同时也讲述婚后公公对媳妇的考验,只有通过考验的媳妇,最后成为当然的持家人选。这样的情节,可见出家庭中丈夫的相对弱势,对照"回娘家"情节中"傻女婿"痴傻无能,"巧媳妇"出面理家,似乎是攸关家族存亡而不得不然。
Chinese people pay much attention to the family relationship which includes the relationship of poxi(mother in law and daughter-in-law),wengxu(father-in-law and son-in-law),lianjin(brothers-in-law)and zhouli(sisters-in-law).From the tale type of Sha-nvxu(silly son-in-law)and Qiao-xifu(clever daughter-in-law),we can see the disputes between the son-in-law and the father-in-law,as well as the interaction between the daughter-in-law and the father-in-law.The plot of"going back to niangjia"shows a female’s continuous blood relation with her natal family,even if she has been married.It not only has relationship of wengxuor wengxi(father-in-law and daughter-in-law)in the tales,but also involves a complex interaction of ianjinor zhouli.In addition,some songs about"going back to niangjia"also show the situation of a married daughter in her husband’s family,her attachments and complaints to her niangjia.In the tales of Qiao-xifu,it is often the father-in-law who chooses wives for his sons.The tales also tell about the father-in-law tests the daughters-inlaw,and only the one who passes the test can eventually become the manager of the family.From this plot,we can see the husband’s relative weakness in the family.Compared to the silliness and incompetence of Sha-nvxu in the plot of"going back to niangjia",Qiao-xifu being chosen to manage the family seems to be the last solution which relates to the family’s survival.
出处
《民俗研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第4期115-121,共7页
Folklore Studies
关键词
傻女婿
巧媳妇
家族关系
回娘家
Sha-nvxu
Qiao-xifu
family relationship
going back to niangjia