场景对驾驶人危险辨识能力评估结果的影响

Effects of scenarios on drivers’ hazard perception evaluation result

为提高用驾驶人危险辨识能力评估系统得到的评估结果的信效度,探讨评估场景对评估结果的影响。首先,分析各类评估系统中评估场景的异同点;其次,由于评估场景一般为危险情境,通过对危险定义与类型、危险风险度的系统梳理,探讨危险情境对评估结果的影响;最后,通过分析动静态场景的优缺点,探讨场景展现形式对评估结果的影响。结果表明：危险情境的主观和客观风险度的一致性越高,评估结果的信效度越好;动静态场景各有利弊,静态场景能有效避免评估结果的模糊性和驾驶人的疲劳厌烦效应,动态场景更利于理解危险情境,同时更贴近驾驶人实际驾驶时的危险辨识工作机制。

To improve the reliability and validity of evaluation results of drivers obtained by using drivers＇ hazard perception evaluation systems, the effects of evaluation scenarios on evaluation result were discussed. Firstly,the similarities and differences between the evaluation scenarios in various types of evaluation systems were analyzed. Then,as evaluation scenarios are generally dangerous scenarios,the effects of dangerous scenarios on evaluation results were analyzed through systematically reviewing the definition,types and risk degrees of dangerous scenarios. Finally,through analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the static and dynamic scenarios,the effects of scenarios forms on evaluation results were explored. The results indicate that the higher the consistency between the subjective and objective risks in dangerous scenarios,the better the reliability and validity of the scenarios results,that the static and dynamic scenarios have their advantages and disadvantages,that the static scenarios can effectively avoid the ambiguity of the evaluation results and the driver＇s tiredness and boredom effect,and that the dynamic scenarios are more conducive to the understanding of dangerous scenarios and are closer to the hazard perception working mechanism when the driver is actually driving.