民主治理导引的逻辑悖论及其实践化解

The Logical Paradox of the Guidance of Democratic Governance and its Practical Solution

从服务到管理,从管理到治理是社会的进步。如果此论断成立,那么就必须对治理进行逻辑推导。理论的彻底性在于逻辑的彻底性。逻辑推导彻底,才能把理论问题说清楚。如果逻辑推导不畅,不但是逻辑出了问题,而且是实践出了问题。逻辑与事实具有非一致性,逻辑清楚并不等于事实清楚。逻辑推导是解决理论问题的第一步。只有把理论说清楚,才能有效地指导实践,在实践过程中才不至于迷失基本的方向。把理论搞清楚是治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要标志。民主治理是社会治理的重要内容。民主治理具有横向逻辑和纵向逻辑。民主治理具有与人口规模、时间、精力成反比的横向逻辑悖论,具有与权力结构层级成反比的纵向逻辑悖论,进而导致二者在逻辑交叉上缺少主体性。在逻辑上认识到民主治理的限度,在实践上规制民主治理的规模,是化解民主治理逻辑悖论的最优选择。

The progress of society reflects in the course from public service to management and then from public management to governance. If this assertion is established, there must be a logical derivation of governance. The thoroughness of theory lies in the thoroughness of logic. A thorough logic deduction can clarify the theoretical issues. If the logical derivation is not smooth, not only is the logic problematic, but also the practice might go awry. Moreover, logic is sometimes inconsistent with facts. Clear logic does not guarantee the clarity of facts. Logic deduction is the first step in solving the theoretical problem. Only by clarifying the theory can we effectively guide practice, which provides the basic direction for practice. To clarify the theory of governance is an important indicator of the modernization of governance system and governance capability. Democratic governance is an important part of social governance, which has its horizontal and vertical logic. Democratic governance has a horizontal logic paradox that is inversely proportional to population size, time, and energy. In vertical logic, it is inversely proportional to the level of power structure. The paradoxes have led to a lack of subjectivity in the logical cross. Logically recognizing the limits of democratic governance and regulating the scale of democratic governance in practice are the best choices to resolve the logic paradox of democratic governance.