反推火箭燃烧产物空间羽流场污染分析

Analysis on space plume contamination of retro-rocket combustion products

卫星与火箭之间的分离通常由安装在箭体四周的反推火箭提供可靠分离能源。在反推火箭工作过程中固体推进剂燃烧产生高温高压燃气由反推火箭喷管出口喷出从而产生星箭分离作用力,但反推火箭喷管出口喷出的高温高压燃气在真空环境中会由高密度连续介质燃气流逐渐变化到具有极低密度的稀薄气体自由分子流,形成一个相当大范围的燃气混合物羽流污染影响区,会对卫星表面洁净度产生不良影响。若在反推火箭产品类型确定的前提下,哪些因素对反推火箭羽流污染影响区域存在影响,通过对反推火箭燃烧产物的空间羽流场进行分析和数值计算,定量获取了反推火箭的安装位置与安装角度这两种因素对箭上特定区域燃气混合物羽流污染的对应关系,为后续星箭分离设计中反推火箭安装设计提供参考。

The separation between satellites and rockets is usually provided by a reliable separation power from the retro-rocket mounted around the rocket body. During the working progress of retro-rocket,the solid propellant burns to the high temperature and high pressure gas which is ejected from the nozzle outlet and results in the separation force. However,the emitted gas would form a significant contamination field of gas mixture plume in the vacuum environment due to its change from a high-density contin uous medium to a rare gas free molecular flow with very low density,which could have a negative impact on the cleanliness of the satellite surface. In this paper,the parameters affecting to the formation of the plume contamination field were investigated for a certain type of retro-rocket. With the numerical simulation of the spatial plume,the installation position and angle of the retro-rocket were obtained,as well as the corresponding relationship between the two factors and the spatial plume contamination. The research results provide a reference for the corresponding separation design between the satellite and the retro-rocket.