基于卫星监测的湖南省林火时空分布规律研究

Study on temporal and spatial distribution of forest fires in Hunan province based on satellite monitoring

监测预报和挖掘发现林火发生的时空规律是森林防火工作的基础,本研究主要利用中国森林防火网2007—2017年卫星林火监测数据,借助时空立方体热点分析模型,研究发现湖南省近10年林火的时空分布规律和发展趋势;自2007年起的11年间共发生林火15 536起,主要集中在10月至次年4月,占累计总数的87.2%,属湖南省重点森林防火时段;热点分析发现冷点即林火低频区域8 799个、暖点即林火高频区域6 660个,整体火情呈下降趋势,林火热点区域集中在衡阳南部、郴州东北部以及永州中南部地区;相较于2001—2008年湖南省林火分布规律的报道可见,常德市石门县、湘西州以及张家界市的林火发生频率明显减少。

Monitoring, forecasting and excavating found that the temporal and spatial laws of forest fires are the basis of forest fire prevention work. This study mainly uses the forest fire monitoring data of China＇s forest fire prevention network from 2007 to 2017 and uses spatial-temporal cube hotspot analysis models to find out that the spatial and temporal distribution of forest fires and their development trends which Hunan province has been in the recent decade. In the 11 years since 2007, there were 15 536 forest fires mainly from October to April the following year, which accounting for 87.2% of the total is the key forest fire protection period in Hunan province. The hot spot analysis found that there have 8 799 cold spot that is low frequency area of forest fire, and there have 6 660 hot spot that is the high frequency area of forest fire. The overall fire situation is declining. The forest fire hotspots are concentrated in the southern part of Hengyang, the northeast of Chenzhou, and the central and southern regions of Yongzhou. Compared with the reports of forest fire distribution in Hunan province from 2001 to 2008, the occurrence frequency of forest fires in Shimen county of Changde city, Xiangxi city and Zhangjiajie city has significantly decreased.