不同林分改造模式对加勒比松林林下植物多样性和土壤物理性质的影响

Impact of stand transformation on plant diversity and soil physical properties in Pinus caribaea stands

为了探索不同林分改造模式对加勒比松林林下植物多样性和土壤物理性质的影响,在一块松树林地插种黎蒴Castanopsis fissa、大叶相思Acacia auriculaeformis、红桂木Artocarpus nitidus和油茶Camellia oleifera,(简称G1样地),在另一块松树林地插种荷木Schima superba、光叶山矾Symplocos lancifolia、竹节树Carallia brachiata和油茶(简称G2样地),并与保留的松树林(称CK样地)进行对比,采用常规方法调查改造后的加勒比松林的林下植物多样性及土壤物理性质,以期为广东省低效松树纯林的改造提供参考。结果表明,改造林分样地(G1和G2样地)的林下植物数量增加,土壤物理性质有所改良。灌木的Simpson和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均为G2样地>G1样地>CK样地,CK样地的均匀度指数J_(sw)和Jsi均最大;草本的Simpson多样性指数为G1样地>G2样地=CK样地,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为G1样地>G2样地>CK样地,均匀度指数J_(sw)为G1样地>CK样地>G2样地,均匀度指数Jsi则是CK样地>G2样地>G1样地;G1和G2样地的自然含水量显著大于CK样地,其余土壤物理性质也有所改善。

The objective was to understand the effects of stand transformation in Pinus caribaea stands by investigating the change of plant diversity and soil physical properties. Castanopsis fissa, Acacia auriculaeformis, Artocarpus nitidus and Camellia oleifera were planted among rows and lines of P. caribaea trees at G1 plot, Schima superba, Symplocos lancifolia, Carallia brachiata and C. Oleifera were planted among rows and lines of trees at G2 plot, and remaining part of the P. caribaea stand was used as the control（CK）. Plant diversity and soil physical properties in the three P. caribaea stands were determined by routine method, in order to provide scientific basis for the transformation of P. caribaea stands. Study results showed that the plant diversity and soil physical property of the P. caribaea stand were improved by stand transformation in plots G1 and G2. The Shannon diversity index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the shrub species decreased in the order of the G2 plot〉 G1 plot〉 CK, whereas evenness index Jsw and Jsi of the shrub species were the highest in CK plot among the three plots; Shannon diversity index of the herb species in G1 plot was greater than that of the G2 plot and CK, Shannon-Wiener diversity index decreased in the order of the G1 plot〉 G2 plot〉 CK, whereas evenness index Jswdecreased in the order of G1 plot〉 CK〉 G2 plot, and evenness index Jsi decreased in the order of CK 〉G2 plot〉 G1 plot. Natural water capacity of soil of G1 and G2 was significantly greater than that of CK, and other soil physical properties of G1 and G2 were also improved.