集中连片特困区旅游扶贫效率空间格局动态演化——以大别山试验区为例

The Spatial Evolution of Tourism Poverty Alleviation Efficiency in Contiguous Destitute Areas——A Case Study of Dabie Mountain Test-beds

旅游扶贫效率作为旅游扶贫成效考核的重要指标,是衡量旅游产业发展在多大程度上有效推动区域经济发展的重要工具。借助基于产出导向的SBM模型测算大别山试验区旅游扶贫效率,综合运用G指数、标准差椭圆、重心轨迹,对大别山试验区旅游扶贫效率空间演化特征进行分析。结果表明:大别山试验区旅游扶贫效率呈先降低后提升的态势,但整体仍处于较低水平;旅游扶贫效率空间异质性显著,热点地区持续集聚,形成以新洲区为中心的高值集聚区,冷点地区跃迁活跃,形成以麻城市为中心的低值集聚区;旅游扶贫效率总体格局呈西北—东南走向,重心总体向东南方向迁移,主方向呈先扩张后敛缩态势,次方向始终呈极化状态。

As an important indicator of the assessment of the effectiveness of tourism poverty alleviation, tourism poverty alleviation efficiency is an important tool to measure how to promote regional economic growth through tourism development. Based on the SBM model, the tourism poverty alleviation efficiency in Dabie Mountain Testbeds of Hubei Province was calculated. The method of G-index, standard deviational ellipse and gravity center were applied comprehensively to analyze the spatial pattern, evolution characteristics and laws of tourism poverty alleviation in all counties. The results show that tourism poverty reduction efficiency firstly declines and then increases in the Dabie Mountain Test-beds, but the overall rate is still at a relatively low level; Spatial heterogeneity of tourism poverty alleviation in the Dabie Mountain Test-beds is also obvious, that is to say, hot spots continue to gather together, forming the spatial high value agglomeration region centered as Xinzhou district; on the other hand, cold spot areas moves frequently, forming the spatial low value gathering area centered as Macheng city. The overall pattern of tourism poverty alleviation efficiency in the Dabie Mountain Test-beds is a northwest-southeast direction, which means the gravity of tourism poverty alleviation efficiency shifts to southeast generally. The poverty alleviation trend in main direction expands firstly, then converges; while in sub-prime direction, it is polarized.