β-淀粉样蛋白寡聚体脑内注射动物模型在阿尔茨海默病研究中的应用

Application of the animal model of intracerebral injection of amyloid-β oligomers to the study of Alzheimer's disease

脑内β-淀粉样蛋白(amyloid-βpeptide,Aβ)的异常沉积在阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)的发病进程中起重要作用。Aβ寡聚体脑内注射动物模型不仅为深入探索Aβ在AD中的作用机制提供了方法,而且也可用来筛选靶向于Aβ寡聚体的候选药物。迄今为止,已有大量文献报道利用该动物模型进行抗AD药物的活性评价和作用机制研究。本文拟对脑内注射可溶性Aβ寡聚体的研究进展进行总结,主要包括实验动物、Aβ的种类及其寡聚体的体外制备方法、注射部位和剂量、造模时长和行为学变化,以及该动物模型相关的病理学机制等,为该模型的合理应用提供参考。

Progressive accumulation of the amyloid-β peptide（Aβ） in the brain plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）. The animal model of intracerebral injection of Aβ oligomers not only provides a method for further exploring the mechanism of Aβ in AD, but also can be used to screen drug candidates targeting Aβ oligomers. This animal model has been widely used in the study of anti-AD drugs and mechanism of AD. In this paper, we summarize the research progress in the animal model of intracerebral injection of soluble Aβ oligomers, including experimental animals, the types of Aβ, the preparation of Aβoligomers in vitro, injection sites and doses, the duration of modeling, animal behavioral changes, and the pathological mechanisms relating to this animal model, which will contribute to the application of the animal model to various conditions.